Fenugreek - Side Effects, Uses and Benefits
What is Fenugreek?
Fenugreek is an annual herb with light green leaves and small white flowers. It's part of the pea family (Fabaceae) and also known as Greek hay (Trigonella foenum-graecum).
Fenugreek plants are about 2 to 3 feet tall. Seed pods have 10-20 small yellow-brown, pungent, aromatic seeds.
Fenugreek seeds have a somewhat bitter taste, similar to celery, maple syrup or burnt sugar, and are often used to make medicine. When cooked, however, the taste is far better.
Fenugreek's most popular part is the graecum seed, which can be dried and ground. You can also use the leaves for cooking.
Fenugreek can either be eaten by mouth or made into a paste to be applied to the skin to reduce inflammation. Fenugreek oil can also be used to make soaps and cosmetics.
The book Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety explains that fenugreek oil and extract have antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumorigenic, and antidiabetic properties. Cultivated in North Africa, the Middle East, Egypt and India, it has a long history as an ingredient in traditional medicine.
The fenugreek plant acts as both a gum, and an emulsifier. It is useful as a stabilizer and thickener for food. It is also used as an ingredient in food preparation to add flavor and spice.
Nutrition Facts
One tablespoon of fenugreek leaves contains:
35.5 calories
Carbohydrates: 6.4 grams
2.5 grams protein
Fat of 0.7 grams
2.7 grams fiber
3.7 mgs iron (20% DV).
0.1 milligram manganese (7 percent DV)
Copper, 0.1 milligram (6 percent DV).
21 mgs magnesium (5 percent DV).
32.6 milligrams phosphorus (3 percent DV)
0.1 milligram vitamin B6 (3 percent DV)
Health Benefits
While more research is needed in terms of identifying and confirming all of the plant's benefits, this herb has been shown to help with numerous health issues. These are the nine most well-known fenugreek health benefits.
1. It can improve digestion and cholesterol levels
This herb is good for digestive problems such as constipation, upset stomach, and inflammation. Research shows that fenugreek among other foods has water-soluble fiber which helps with constipation.
It also works to improve digestion and is often incorporated in an ulcerative colitis diet treatment plan due to its anti-inflammatory effects. This herb may be beneficial to those suffering from heart disease, such as hardening or high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.
It may also help diabetics. In fact, a study out of India showed that administering 2.5 grams of fenugreek supplement twice daily for three months to people dealing with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus significantly lowered cholesterol naturally, along with triglycerides, without affecting HDL cholesterol.
2. The Body Combats Inflammation
Fenugreek reduces inflammation in the body. This is responsible for a variety of health issues, including:
Mouth ulcers
Boils
Bronchitis
Infection of the tissues under the skin
Tuberculosis
Chronic coughs
Cancer
Kidney problems
This herbal remedy may not only have preventative benefits for these conditions but it is also thought to lower blood sugar. It could be helpful in managing metabolic and nutritional disorders such as diabetes. A 2017 study found that fenugreek seed can be added to diet and exercise to have a synergistic effect on fasting blood glucose.
Patients with type 2 diabetes were given 10 grams of the seeds, soaked in hot water each day.
Fenugreek is believed to slow down the absorption of sugars from the stomach and increase insulin. Traditional Chinese Medicine refers to Fenugreek as a "phlegm moving" spice. It is believed to be able to release stuck energies and reduce inflammation.
Research published in International Immunopharmacology studied the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of fenugreek mucilage on arthritic rats and confirmed its power to fight inflammation. This research also "demonstrated a potential beneficiary effect of Fenugreek Mucilage on adjuvant-induced Arthritis in Rats," suggesting that this herb could be used as a natural arthritis treatment.
3. Helps Increase Libido in Men
Fenugreek can be used to treat erectile dysfunction, hernias and other male issues, including baldness. That's because it may increase sexual arousal and testosterone levels.
It is best to consult a doctor before you use natural therapies to treat disease or improve sexual performance. However, fenugreek seeds, fenugreek tea, and tablets have been shown by studies to increase sexual desire, performance, and naturally cure impotence.
In a study published in Phytotherapy Research, 60 men between the ages of 25 and 52 years with no history of erectile dysfunction were supplemented with either a placebo or 600 milligrams of fenugreek extract per day for six weeks.
The participants completed self-evaluations and noted the effects of fenugreek on their libidos. Final results showed that fenugreek extract had a significant impact on sexual arousal, stamina, and energy. It also helped participants maintain normal levels of testosterone.
4. Promoting breastfeeding milk flow
Fenugreek can also be used to help breastfeeding mothers who have low milk supply. It can increase breast milk production because it acts as a galactagogue.
Galactagogues help increase milk supply. They can stimulate milk ducts and increase milk production within 24 hours.
While further research is necessary to determine the exact safety and efficacy fenugreek has for breast milk production, many scientific journals have published studies that show its effectiveness in promoting milk flow.
While this may be a benefit from fenugreek, it is not the only way to increase breast milk production. Researchers recommend that women seek out help from a lactation specialist if they are having problems.
5. Helps Treat Wound, Skin and Scalp Issues
Fenugreek can be used externally to treat inflammation and reduce internal inflammation. This can be used to treat external inflammation, according to research.
Swelling and pain in the lymph nodes and muscles
Gout
Wounds
Leg ulcers
Sciatica
Dandruff
Eczema
To ensure the area does not become further inflamed or burn, it is important to first test it.
Fenugreek has hair benefits, too. Anecdotal evidence suggests that fenugreek seeds powder and tea can be applied to your hair to stimulate hair growth and improve hair texture.
6. Adds Flavor and Spice to Food
Fenugreek powder can be used in food as an ingredient in spice mixtures. It is most commonly found in Indian cuisines such as curried dishes. It can also be used to flavor imitation maple syrup, food, beverages, and tobacco.
Fenugreek leaves can also be used in salads. Fresh and dried leaves can also be used in Indian cooking.
7. This helps to increase appetite
Fenugreek's flavor enhancement properties are not the only benefits. It also increases appetite, which is a result of its nutritive and restorative properties.
A study was published in Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. It examined the impact of a fenugreek seeds extract on feeding behavior. Experiments were performed to determine food consumption and motivation to eat, as well as metabolic-endocrine changes.
The results showed that chronic oral administration of the fenugreek extract significantly increased food intake and the motivation to eat. The report also indicated, however, that the treatment does not prevent anorexia nor the decreased motivation to eat.
8. May enhance exercise performance
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine published a study examining the effects of creatine and fenugreek oils supplementation on strength and physique in men.
Forty-seven men who had been resistance-trained were then divided into two different groups based upon their body weight. The dextrose placebo was given to each group, along with five grams of creatine (70 grams) and 70 grams dextrose. Each group also received 3.5 grams of creatine (900 milligrams) and eight weeks of periodized resistance-training.
Participants were evaluated on their body composition, muscle endurance, and anaerobic ability. The creatine/fenugreek-group showed significant improvements in leg press strength, bench press, and lean mass.
The study found that creatine and fenugreek extract supplementation had a significant influence on upper body strength, body composition, and overall health.
Why is this good? The use of fenugreek with creatine supplementation may be an effective means for enhancing creatine uptake while eliminating the need for excessive amounts of simple carbohydrates, so you may want to consider adding fenugreek for men and women to your list of the best pre-workout foods.
9. It helps to improve blood sugar
A clinical trial showed that ingestion of fenugreek seeds soaked in hot water shows promise as a complementary therapy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
In the eight-week study, 11 participants consumed hot water-soaked fenugreek nuts, and seven consumed yogurt-mixed fenugreek nuts over the same period. The blood glucose levels of participants who ate the seeds soaked with hot water were significantly lower than those who ate them mixed with yogurt.
What is fenugreek exactly? - Dr. Axe
How to Use (Plus Recipes)
Fenugreek is a well-known medicinal and culinary herb that has been used for centuries. Fenugreek is used to cook, stimulate milk production and for traditional remedies such as diabetes and lack of appetite.
It can also be used on the skin and hair to reduce inflammation.
These are the most popular uses of plants:
Breast milk production: Fenugreek supplements or tea may help boost breast milk production, especially in the days immediately following child birth.
Digestion: Fenugreek tea, seed powder or supplements may help aid digestive issues like constipation, upset stomach and loss of appetite.
To reduce inflammation and pain, fenugreek can be used topically as an anti-inflammatory poultice.
Cholesterol: There is limited evidence that fenugreek seeds or supplements can lower cholesterol levels.
Skin health: Fenugreek seed oil or powder can be applied topically to improve skin health, and decrease the symptoms of inflammatory diseases.
Hair health: To use as an herbal remedy for your hair, combine fenugreek seed powder with coconut oil or aloe vera and massage the mixture into your scalp. Allow it to sit for 5 minutes, then rinse.
Exercise performance: Although there is mixed research on fenugreek for testosterone levels, supplementing with the plant for eight weeks may improve exercise performance and decrease body fat.
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